How a specialist manages anal rectal conditions

The course is divided into four key units:

Unit 1: Conditions and Anatomy
This unit introduces the anatomy of the anal canal, outlining the importance of understanding venous drainage, lymphatic pathways, and muscle structures when diagnosing anal rectal conditions. Common conditions such as hemorrhoids, fissures, abscesses, and perianal hematomas are introduced, along with a discussion of rectal bleeding and its implications for referral to a specialist​.

Unit 2: Haemorrhoids and Haematomas
This unit focuses on hemorrhoids, their stages, and the mechanisms behind their development, such as straining and portal hypertension. Participants will learn about the symptoms, from bleeding and pain to prolapse and thrombosis, and explore both conservative and surgical treatment options. The unit concludes with a video demonstration of perianal hematoma incision and drainage​.

Unit 3: Haemorrhoids, Polyps, Tags, Warts
This unit covers a broader range of anorectal conditions, including polyps, skin tags, warts, and fissures. It discusses the identification and differentiation of these conditions and their respective treatments. Surgical management, including hemorrhoidectomy and the use of treatments like podophyllin for anal warts, is also explored. Key insights into the management of rectal prolapse and fistulas are provided​.

Unit 4: Complex Conditions and Other Procedures
The final unit dives into complex conditions requiring specialist care, such as ischiorectal abscesses and rectal carcinomas. It covers advanced procedures like proctoscopy, sigmoidoscopy, and various surgical techniques for hemorrhoids, including rubber band ligation and injection sclerotherapy. Participants will also learn about post-operative complications and how to manage secondary hemorrhages​.

This course equips healthcare providers with practical skills and knowledge for managing anal rectal conditions in a clinical setting and provides guidelines for when to refer patients to specialist care.