Atrial fibrillation

This course is divided into five comprehensive units that address various aspects of atrial fibrillation, from clinical evaluation to treatment strategies.

Unit 1: Introduction to Atrial Fibrillation
This unit introduces the epidemiology, pathophysiology, and risk factors associated with atrial fibrillation. Participants will learn about the increasing prevalence of AF, particularly in aging populations, and the associated risks of stroke and heart failure. The module also explores key studies, such as the Framingham Heart Study, and provides an overview of AF classification and screening recommendations.

Unit 2: Clinical Evaluation and Collaboration
In this unit, participants will focus on the clinical evaluation process, including history-taking, symptom identification, and diagnostic work-ups such as ECG and echocardiography. The importance of a collaborative approach is emphasised, involving a multidisciplinary team to ensure comprehensive care. The role of the GP in orchestrating this collaboration is also highlighted.

Unit 3: Approach to AF Management
This unit delves into the management of AF using the CHA2DS2-VASc score to assess stroke risk and the HAS-BLED score to evaluate bleeding risks associated with anticoagulation therapy. Participants will explore the ABC pathway (Anticoagulation, Better symptom management, and Cardiovascular and comorbidity optimisation) and learn how to navigate treatment options based on individual patient characteristics.

Unit 4: Oral Anticoagulants – Contraindications and Comparisons
This section covers the contraindications and comparisons between different oral anticoagulants (OACs). It discusses the risks and benefits of warfarin and non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs), providing guidance on which to choose based on patient-specific factors such as age, kidney function, and concurrent medications​.

Unit 5: Rhythm vs. Rate Control
The final unit addresses the debate between rhythm control and rate control for AF patients. Using evidence from major trials such as the AFFIRM trial, this unit examines when each approach may be preferred and discusses acute and long-term management strategies. The importance of patient-specific treatment plans and consideration of comorbidities are emphasised​.

This course equips healthcare professionals with the tools and knowledge necessary to effectively manage atrial fibrillation, ensuring improved patient outcomes and reducing the risks associated with this common arrhythmia.