Upper Respiratory Tract Infection

The Upper Respiratory Tract Infection (URTI) course is divided into six detailed units, each covering specific aspects of upper respiratory tract infections.

Unit 1: Overview of URTI
This unit introduces the anatomy of the upper respiratory tract and provides a comprehensive overview of various infections, including their pathophysiology and clinical significance. The unit emphasises the most common infections like nasopharyngitis, tonsillitis, and otitis media, which account for the majority of respiratory infection cases​.

Unit 2: Rhinitis – Common Cold
This unit focuses on the common cold, discussing its viral etiology, symptoms, and transmission methods. The pathophysiology of rhinitis, characterised by nasal obstruction and increased mucous secretion, is detailed. Treatment options are explored, with an emphasis on supportive care and symptom relief, including the use of decongestants and saline nasal irrigation.

Unit 3: Sinusitis (Rhinosinusitis)
Sinusitis, a common complication of viral upper respiratory infections, is explored in this unit. The pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment of acute sinusitis are explained, including when to consider bacterial superinfection and the need for antibiotic therapy. Participants will also learn about the role of imaging and possible complications like orbital or intracranial involvement​.

Unit 4: Ear and Mastoid Infections
This unit covers infections like otitis externa, otitis media, and mastoiditis. The pathogenesis, clinical findings, and management of these infections are discussed, with a focus on diagnosis through otoscopy and appropriate treatment strategies, including when to administer antibiotics and when to refer for surgical interventions like mastoidectomy​.

Unit 5: Pharyngitis, Tonsillitis & Deep Neck Infections
This unit delves into infections of the throat, including viral and bacterial pharyngitis and tonsillitis. It also covers more severe infections like peritonsillar and retropharyngeal abscesses. The diagnosis, differential diagnoses, and treatment options, including the appropriate use of antibiotics and potential complications, are thoroughly discussed​.

Unit 6: Laryngitis, Croup & Epiglottitis
The final unit focuses on infections that affect the larynx and surrounding structures, such as laryngitis, croup, and epiglottitis. The pathophysiology, clinical signs, and management strategies for these conditions are explained, including the urgent care required for life-threatening infections like epiglottitis and severe cases of croup​.

This course equips healthcare professionals with the knowledge needed to effectively diagnose and manage a wide range of upper respiratory tract infections, ensuring optimal patient outcomes.